Roland Frankenberger1, Franklin R Tay. 1. Dental Clinic I Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstrasse 11, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany. frankbg@dent.uni-erlangen.de
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the marginal integrity of dentine adhesives bonded to enamel and dentine, before and after thermo-mechanical loading (TML). METHODS: MO cavities with proximal boxes beneath the CEJ were prepared in extracted human third molars. Direct resin composite restorations (Tetric Ceram) were bonded with 3-step etch-and-rinse (Syntac Classic, Solobond Plus, OptiBond FL), 2-step etch-and-rinse (Admira Bond, Single Bond), 2-step self-etch (AdheSE, Clearfil SE Bond), and 1-step self-etch (all-in-one) adhesives (Adper Prompt, Xeno III, iBond). Marginal gaps were analyzed using SEM of epoxy resin replicas. Bonded interfaces before TML were examined with TEM to identify pre-existing attributes for subsequent marginal disintegration. RESULTS: In enamel, high percentages of gap-free margins were initially identified for all adhesives. After TML, etch-and-rinse adhesives exhibited significantly higher percentages of gap-free margins (approximately 90%) compared with two-step self-etch (approximately 75%) and all-in-one (approximately 55%) adhesives (p<0.05). iBond did not completely etch through the enamel smear layer. In dentine, 89-100% gap-free margins were initially observed. After TML, there were no statistical differences among etch-and-rinse (62-70%) and two-step self-etch (62-63%) adhesives (p>0.05). The all-in-one adhesives exhibited significantly less gap-free margins (<40%) in dentine (p<0.05), with iBond showing the worst marginal integrity (15%). The presence of pre-existing water channels within the adhesives probably expedited water sorption when restorations were under functional stresses. CONCLUSION: Enamel bonding was more effective with phosphoric acid-etching. Etch-and-rinse and 2-step self-etch adhesives showed promising marginal adaptation to dentine and may have a better clinical prognosis than the all-in-one bonding approach.
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the marginal integrity of dentine adhesives bonded to enamel and dentine, before and after thermo-mechanical loading (TML). METHODS: MO cavities with proximal boxes beneath the CEJ were prepared in extracted human third molars. Direct resin composite restorations (Tetric Ceram) were bonded with 3-step etch-and-rinse (Syntac Classic, Solobond Plus, OptiBond FL), 2-step etch-and-rinse (Admira Bond, Single Bond), 2-step self-etch (AdheSE, Clearfil SE Bond), and 1-step self-etch (all-in-one) adhesives (Adper Prompt, Xeno III, iBond). Marginal gaps were analyzed using SEM of epoxy resin replicas. Bonded interfaces before TML were examined with TEM to identify pre-existing attributes for subsequent marginal disintegration. RESULTS: In enamel, high percentages of gap-free margins were initially identified for all adhesives. After TML, etch-and-rinse adhesives exhibited significantly higher percentages of gap-free margins (approximately 90%) compared with two-step self-etch (approximately 75%) and all-in-one (approximately 55%) adhesives (p<0.05). iBond did not completely etch through the enamel smear layer. In dentine, 89-100% gap-free margins were initially observed. After TML, there were no statistical differences among etch-and-rinse (62-70%) and two-step self-etch (62-63%) adhesives (p>0.05). The all-in-one adhesives exhibited significantly less gap-free margins (<40%) in dentine (p<0.05), with iBond showing the worst marginal integrity (15%). The presence of pre-existing water channels within the adhesives probably expedited water sorption when restorations were under functional stresses. CONCLUSION: Enamel bonding was more effective with phosphoric acid-etching. Etch-and-rinse and 2-step self-etch adhesives showed promising marginal adaptation to dentine and may have a better clinical prognosis than the all-in-one bonding approach.
Authors: Roland Frankenberger; Julia Hehn; Jan Hajtó; Norbert Krämer; Michael Naumann; Andreas Koch; Matthias J Roggendorf Journal: Clin Oral Investig Date: 2012-02-23 Impact factor: 3.573
Authors: Norbert Krämer; Mandy Möhwald; Susanne Lücker; Eugen Domann; José I Zorzin; Martin Rosentritt; Roland Frankenberger Journal: Clin Oral Investig Date: 2015-01-24 Impact factor: 3.573