BACKGROUND: Repeated exposure to HIV is not always associated with infection and multiple cohorts of HIV-exposed but seronegative individuals (ESN) have been described. HIV-specific CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes are detected both in HIV patients and in ESN; we verified whether different patterns of HIV-specific memory T lymphocytes would be detected in individuals in whom exposure to HIV results or does not result in infection. METHODS: Gag-specific T cells were analysed in 15 ESN, 14 HIV patients, and 15 healthy controls using extensive flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS: Data confirmed that gag-specific T lymphocytes are present in ESN. Gag-specific T cells mainly secrete interleukin-2 in ESN and interferon-gamma in HIV patients. In addition the CD4/CD8 and the memory/naive ratios are altered, central memory (45RA-/CCR7+) CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes are more abundant, and terminally differentiated (45RA+/CCR7- and 27-/28-) CD8 T lymphocytes are augmented in ESN individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to HIV occurs in high risk seronegative individuals; the observation that naive cells and CM are skewed in ESN indicate that this exposure is robust enough to modulate the CM/EM ratio. The increase in late effectors and in natural killer cells seen in ESN suggests a role for these cells in preventing actual infection.
BACKGROUND: Repeated exposure to HIV is not always associated with infection and multiple cohorts of HIV-exposed but seronegative individuals (ESN) have been described. HIV-specific CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes are detected both in HIV patients and in ESN; we verified whether different patterns of HIV-specific memory T lymphocytes would be detected in individuals in whom exposure to HIV results or does not result in infection. METHODS:Gag-specific T cells were analysed in 15 ESN, 14 HIV patients, and 15 healthy controls using extensive flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS: Data confirmed that gag-specific T lymphocytes are present in ESN. Gag-specific T cells mainly secrete interleukin-2 in ESN and interferon-gamma in HIV patients. In addition the CD4/CD8 and the memory/naive ratios are altered, central memory (45RA-/CCR7+) CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes are more abundant, and terminally differentiated (45RA+/CCR7- and 27-/28-) CD8 T lymphocytes are augmented in ESN individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to HIV occurs in high risk seronegative individuals; the observation that naive cells and CM are skewed in ESN indicate that this exposure is robust enough to modulate the CM/EM ratio. The increase in late effectors and in natural killer cells seen in ESN suggests a role for these cells in preventing actual infection.
Authors: Laura Pattacini; Pamela M Murnane; Erin M Kahle; Michael J Bolton; Jeffrey J Delrow; Jairam R Lingappa; Elly Katabira; Deborah Donnell; M Juliana McElrath; Jared M Baeten; Jennifer M Lund Journal: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses Date: 2013-07-30 Impact factor: 2.205
Authors: B Lohman-Payne; T Sandifer; M OhAinle; C Crudder; J Lynch; M M Omenda; J Maroa; K Fowke; G C John-Stewart; C Farquhar Journal: Clin Exp Immunol Date: 2014-10 Impact factor: 4.330
Authors: A L Erickson; C B Willberg; V McMahan; A Liu; S P Buchbinder; L A Grohskopf; R M Grant; D F Nixon Journal: Clin Vaccine Immunol Date: 2008-09-24
Authors: Brandon L Guthrie; Barbara Lohman-Payne; Amy Y Liu; Rose Bosire; Samuel Victor Nuvor; Robert Y Choi; Romel D Mackelprang; James N Kiarie; Stephen C De Rosa; Barbra A Richardson; Grace C John-Stewart; Carey Farquhar Journal: Clin Vaccine Immunol Date: 2012-09-12