Combat casualty care research: from bench to the battlefield.

Hemorrhagic shock is the leading cause of death in civilian and combat trauma. Effective hemorrhage control and better resuscitation strategies have the potential of saving lives. The Trauma Readiness and Research Institute for Surgery (TRRI-Surg) was established to address the core mission of the Uniformed Services University, "Learning to Care for Those in Harm's Way," by conducting research to improve the outcome of combat casualties. This article highlights the salient achievements of this research effort in the areas of hemorrhage control, resuscitation, design and testing of devices, and some novel concepts such as the use of profound hypothermia. The impact of these basic science research findings on changes in military medical care and outcome of injured soldiers is also described.