Psychosocial impact of parental cancer in adulthood: a conceptual and empirical review.

This article reviews recent literature on the psychosocial aspects of parental cancer in adulthood. Overall, studies have shown that a sizable minority of adult children of cancer patients experience psychological distress in terms of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Most research to date has focused on the first-degree female relatives of breast cancer patients, many of whom are daughters. Although distress reactions in this population are well documented, restrictive assumptions reflecting a vulnerability/deficit model of women limit scientific progress. In addition, the critical role of grown offspring caregivers of cancer patients deserves further investigation. Future research should examine the relations between intrapsychic and contextual factors that may influence psychological adjustment to parental cancer.