BACKGROUND: Cryptosporidium parvum is an important cause of epidemic diarrhea. Few studies have assessed whether serological evidence of prior infection in adults is related to a reduced occurrence of enteric illness. METHODS: Serum samples and enteric illness event data were obtained in 2000 and 2001 from 326 people served by 1 of 2 unfiltered surface sources or 1 groundwater source. In 2001, filtration was initiated at 1 of the surface sources. Poisson regression related illness episodes with serological responses to the 15/17- and 27-kDa Cryptosporidium antigen groups. RESULTS: Subjects with moderately strong responses to the 15/17-kDa antigen had <65% of the risk of all 1-3-day episodes of diarrheal or gastrointestinal illness and <40% of the risk of all >/=4-day episodes, compared with subjects without a moderately strong response. Water source, change in water treatment, and very weak responses were unrelated to illness events. CONCLUSIONS: Endemic Cryptosporidium infections are a common cause of diarrheal and gastrointestinal illness in persons without a moderately strong response to the 15/17-kDa antigen group. Users of surface-derived drinking water are more likely to have strong serological responses to this antigen group and may be at a lower risk of endemic gastrointestinal illness caused by Cryptosporidium infection.
BACKGROUND:Cryptosporidium parvum is an important cause of epidemic diarrhea. Few studies have assessed whether serological evidence of prior infection in adults is related to a reduced occurrence of enteric illness. METHODS: Serum samples and enteric illness event data were obtained in 2000 and 2001 from 326 people served by 1 of 2 unfiltered surface sources or 1 groundwater source. In 2001, filtration was initiated at 1 of the surface sources. Poisson regression related illness episodes with serological responses to the 15/17- and 27-kDa Cryptosporidium antigen groups. RESULTS: Subjects with moderately strong responses to the 15/17-kDa antigen had <65% of the risk of all 1-3-day episodes of diarrheal or gastrointestinal illness and <40% of the risk of all >/=4-day episodes, compared with subjects without a moderately strong response. Water source, change in water treatment, and very weak responses were unrelated to illness events. CONCLUSIONS: Endemic Cryptosporidiuminfections are a common cause of diarrheal and gastrointestinal illness in persons without a moderately strong response to the 15/17-kDa antigen group. Users of surface-derived drinking water are more likely to have strong serological responses to this antigen group and may be at a lower risk of endemic gastrointestinal illness caused by Cryptosporidiuminfection.
Authors: Anoli J Borad; Geneve M Allison; David Wang; Sabeena Ahmed; Mohammad M Karim; Anne V Kane; Joy Moy; Patricia L Hibberd; Sitara Swarna Rao Ajjampur; Gagandeep Kang; Stephen B Calderwood; Edward T Ryan; Elena Naumova; Wasif A Khan; Honorine D Ward Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2012-02 Impact factor: 2.345
Authors: Jane W Wanyiri; Henry Kanyi; Samuel Maina; David E Wang; Aaron Steen; Paul Ngugi; Timothy Kamau; Tabitha Waithera; Roberta O'Connor; Kimani Gachuhi; Claire N Wamae; Mkaya Mwamburi; Honorine D Ward Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2014-05-27 Impact factor: 2.345
Authors: Yossi Febriani; Patrick Levallois; Suzanne Gingras; Pierre Gosselin; Shannon E Majowicz; Manon D Fleury Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2010-01-30 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Iain R Lake; Gordon Nichols; Graham Bentham; Florence C D Harrison; Paul R Hunter; Sari R Kovats Journal: Emerg Infect Dis Date: 2007-04 Impact factor: 6.883