Current Therapy for Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT), or heritable peripheral neuropathies, is among the most frequent genetic neuromuscular disorders, with a prevalence of approximately 1:2500. Since 1991, remarkable advances have occurred in determining the precise genetic cause of many forms of CMT and in generating animal models of many of these disorders. However, these advances have not yet resulted in cures for CMT. Recently, potential treatments for the most common form of CMT, CMT-1A, have been shown in rodent models of the disorder. Treatment with onapristone, a progesterone antagonist, has improved the neuropathy of the CMT-1A rat. Treatment with large doses of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) has improved the neuropathy of the CMT-1A mouse. Multicentric trials with ascorbic acid are likely to start in the near future to assess if vitamin C supplementation is effective and what is the dosage required in humans to improve neurologic disability. Because of potential side effects with antiprogesterone therapy, particularly in women of child- bearing age, research is actively proceeding with progesterone antagonists to develop safe medications that also can be used in clinical trials of CMT-1A. Although no cures are available for CMT, there are many important treatments available for patients with CMT that can improve their quality of life and help them maintain their independence. Some of these therapies involve physiatry and orthopedic surgery. Others involve pain management. Lastly, there are potential concerns about medications or lifestyle issues that may exacerbate CMT. All of these issues will be discussed.