Uncemented total hip arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis diseases. A two- to six-year follow-up study.

Forty primary uncemented total hip arthroplasties (THAs) were performed in 34 patients with an average age of 41.2 years (range, 21-78 years). Four hips had one component placed with cement: three femoral, one acetabular. Diagnoses included rheumatoid arthritis (30 hips), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (seven hips), and systemic lupus erythematosus (three hips). The follow-up period averaged 3.7 years (range, two to six years). Thirty-five percent of the patients were using corticosteroids before hip replacement and throughout the follow-up period, whereas 44% of the patients had been using steroids in the past. Additionally, 79% of the patients were taking some form of antiinflammatory medications at follow-up examination. Clinical evaluation based on a ten-point rating scale indicated significant improvements from preoperative to the most recent follow-up examination for pain (from 3.1 to 9.0), walking (4.0-7.3), function (3.5-6.0), and activity (3.0-4.9). None of the hips required revision surgery, and none are pending. There was no evidence of roentgenographic failure; however, 43% of femoral and 12.8% of acetabular components showed some minor radiolucencies with sclerotic lines. None of these involved 100% of the bone-prosthesis interface. Femoral component subsidence occurred in two hips, and acetabular component migration occurred in one hip. Complications included three (8.1%) intraoperative femoral fractures, of which two required internal fixation. One patient had postoperative, culture negative, wound drainage. No deep sepsis occurred. These findings suggest that uncemented THA may be successful in the rheumatoid patient. Pain relief, walking, function, and activity levels are similar to those seen in cemented replacements with this length of follow-up period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)