BACKGROUND: The etiology of the Mayer-Rokitanski-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, where congenitally the Mullerian ducts fail to develop into the uterus, cervix and upper vagina, along with other malformations, is unresolved. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) signal transduction inducing the degradation of Mullerian ducts in males is implicated in the MRKH syndrome. This study examined if DNA sequence variations are responsible for the activation of AMH and aberrant hormone levels in MRKH patients. METHODS: The entire AMH promoter and 3' regulatory elements of the constitutively expressed splicing factor SF3a2 were sequenced in 30 MRKH patients and genotyped in 48 control individuals using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectronomy. Ovarian AMH promoter function was correlated with protein expression in plasma and peritoneal fluid of MRKH patients. RESULTS: Of six identified AMH promoter variations, two at positions -639 (SP1-binding site) and -210 [steroidogenic factor (SF)1-binding site] were homozygote in 73% of patients, and 69% of control individuals, destroying the SP1-binding site. AMH protein levels in plasma and peritoneal fluid from patients were equivalent to control individuals, however in three patients plasma levels were abnormally high. CONCLUSIONS: AMH is an important indicator for ovarian function. AMH promoter sequence variations or the previously proposed SF3a2-AMH fusion co-transcripts cannot be responsible for aberrant AMH expression leading to Mullerian duct degradation.
BACKGROUND: The etiology of the Mayer-Rokitanski-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, where congenitally the Mullerian ducts fail to develop into the uterus, cervix and upper vagina, along with other malformations, is unresolved. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) signal transduction inducing the degradation of Mullerian ducts in males is implicated in the MRKH syndrome. This study examined if DNA sequence variations are responsible for the activation of AMH and aberrant hormone levels in MRKHpatients. METHODS: The entire AMH promoter and 3' regulatory elements of the constitutively expressed splicing factor SF3a2 were sequenced in 30 MRKHpatients and genotyped in 48 control individuals using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectronomy. Ovarian AMH promoter function was correlated with protein expression in plasma and peritoneal fluid of MRKHpatients. RESULTS: Of six identified AMH promoter variations, two at positions -639 (SP1-binding site) and -210 [steroidogenic factor (SF)1-binding site] were homozygote in 73% of patients, and 69% of control individuals, destroying the SP1-binding site. AMH protein levels in plasma and peritoneal fluid from patients were equivalent to control individuals, however in three patients plasma levels were abnormally high. CONCLUSIONS:AMH is an important indicator for ovarian function. AMH promoter sequence variations or the previously proposed SF3a2-AMH fusion co-transcripts cannot be responsible for aberrant AMH expression leading to Mullerian duct degradation.
Authors: H E Peters; B N Johnson; E A Ehli; D Micha; M O Verhoeven; G E Davies; J J M L Dekker; A Overbeek; M H van den Berg; E van Dulmen-den Broeder; F E van Leeuwen; V Mijatovic; D I Boomsma; C B Lambalk Journal: Hum Reprod Date: 2019-06-04 Impact factor: 6.918
Authors: Jutta Pretscher; Matthias Ruebner; Arif B Ekici; Melanie Rödl; Hanna Huebner; Judith Schwitulla; Adriana Titzmann; Charlotte Hartwig; Matthias W Beckmann; Peter A Fasching; Michael O Schneider; Eva Schwenke Journal: Arch Gynecol Obstet Date: 2020-09-30 Impact factor: 2.344
Authors: Juliana B Drummond; Camila F Rezende; Fabio C Peixoto; Joana S Carvalho; Fernando M Reis; Luiz De Marco Journal: J Assist Reprod Genet Date: 2008-11-01 Impact factor: 3.412