OBJECTIVE: To develop a self-report measure (the Glasgow Content of Thoughts Inventory [GCTI]) for the assessment of pre-sleep cognitive activity in adults with sleep-onset insomnia. DESIGN: A psychometric, scale development approach was used. METHOD: Over three consecutive nights, 12 people with insomnia provided 'live' audio-recordings of pre-sleep thought content, which were used to generate an item pool. The results were compared to the content and categorical structure of pre-sleep cognitive activity identified by Wicklow and Espie (2000), and commonalities in thought content were used to generate a draft scale. Following further piloting, a 25-item scale was developed and administered to two groups (29 people with insomnia and 29 good sleepers), along with other self-report measures, objective (actigraphic recordings) and subjective (diary) sleep indices, and results analysed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scale. RESULTS: The GCTI demonstrated evidence of construct validity, successfully discriminated between individuals with insomnia and good sleepers, and was significantly correlated with existing measures of sleep disturbance. A score of 42 yielded a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 83%. The GCTI demonstrated good test- retest reliability (ICC = .88) and internal consistency (alpha = .87). CONCLUSIONS: The GCTI appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for use with patients with sleep-onset insomnia.
OBJECTIVE: To develop a self-report measure (the Glasgow Content of Thoughts Inventory [GCTI]) for the assessment of pre-sleep cognitive activity in adults with sleep-onset insomnia. DESIGN: A psychometric, scale development approach was used. METHOD: Over three consecutive nights, 12 people with insomnia provided 'live' audio-recordings of pre-sleep thought content, which were used to generate an item pool. The results were compared to the content and categorical structure of pre-sleep cognitive activity identified by Wicklow and Espie (2000), and commonalities in thought content were used to generate a draft scale. Following further piloting, a 25-item scale was developed and administered to two groups (29 people with insomnia and 29 good sleepers), along with other self-report measures, objective (actigraphic recordings) and subjective (diary) sleep indices, and results analysed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scale. RESULTS: The GCTI demonstrated evidence of construct validity, successfully discriminated between individuals with insomnia and good sleepers, and was significantly correlated with existing measures of sleep disturbance. A score of 42 yielded a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 83%. The GCTI demonstrated good test- retest reliability (ICC = .88) and internal consistency (alpha = .87). CONCLUSIONS: The GCTI appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for use with patients with sleep-onset insomnia.
Authors: Sooyeon Suh; Jason C Ong; Dana Steidtmann; Sara Nowakowski; Claire Dowdle; Erika Willett; Allison Siebern; Rachel Manber Journal: Cognit Ther Res Date: 2012-04
Authors: Massimiliano de Zambotti; Mikhail Sizintsev; Stephanie Claudatos; Giacinto Barresi; Ian M Colrain; Fiona C Baker Journal: J Behav Med Date: 2019-02-21
Authors: Colin A Espie; Simon D Kyle; Chris Williams; Jason C Ong; Neil J Douglas; Peter Hames; June S L Brown Journal: Sleep Date: 2012-06-01 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Thomas M Moehlman; Jacco A de Zwart; Miranda G Chappel-Farley; Xiao Liu; Irene B McClain; Catie Chang; Hendrik Mandelkow; Pinar S Özbay; Nicholas L Johnson; Rebecca E Bieber; Katharine A Fernandez; Kelly A King; Christopher K Zalewski; Carmen C Brewer; Peter van Gelderen; Jeff H Duyn; Dante Picchioni Journal: J Neurosci Methods Date: 2018-09-20 Impact factor: 2.390