Jahangir Khan1, Ulf-G Gerdtham, Bjarne Jansson. 1. Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Social Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Norrbacka, 2nd floor, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. jahangir.khan@phs.ki.se
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We analyzed the relationship between macroeconomic conditions, measured as unemployment rate and social security spending, from 4 social security schemes and total spending due to sickness and disability. METHODS: We obtained aggregated panel data from 13 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development member countries for 1980-1996. We used regression analysis and fixed effect models to examine spending on sickness benefits, disability pensions, occupational-injury benefits, survivor's pensions, and total spending. RESULTS: A decline in unemployment increased sickness benefits spending and reduced disability pension spending. These effects reversed direction after 4 years of unemployment. Inclusion of mortality rate as an additional variable in the analysis did not affect the findings. CONCLUSIONS: Macroeconomic conditions influence some reimbursements from social security schemes but not total spending.
OBJECTIVES: We analyzed the relationship between macroeconomic conditions, measured as unemployment rate and social security spending, from 4 social security schemes and total spending due to sickness and disability. METHODS: We obtained aggregated panel data from 13 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development member countries for 1980-1996. We used regression analysis and fixed effect models to examine spending on sickness benefits, disability pensions, occupational-injury benefits, survivor's pensions, and total spending. RESULTS: A decline in unemployment increased sickness benefits spending and reduced disability pension spending. These effects reversed direction after 4 years of unemployment. Inclusion of mortality rate as an additional variable in the analysis did not affect the findings. CONCLUSIONS: Macroeconomic conditions influence some reimbursements from social security schemes but not total spending.