Onchocerca ochengi: Mimic, model or modulator of O. volvulus?

The cattle parasite, Onchocerca ochengi, is widely distributed in West Africa. Significantly, Simulium darnnosum, the vector o f the important human parasite, O. volvulus, the cause o f river blindness, also appears to be the vector of O. ochengi. For epidemiological reasons it is therefore vital to be able to distinguish the infective larvae o f these filoriae. Here, Sandy Trees also describes other features of the cattle parasite that make it of significance to investigations of human filariases.