Survey of advantages obtained by judoka in competition by level of practice.

In judo, placing the opponent in a situation of uncertainty requires the mastery of several throws. French young judoka learn, respectively, 10, 9, and 8 throws to earn yellow, orange, and green belts. These techniques allow throwing down a judoka in several directions (backward, forward, left and right). To see what happens in competition 82 judoka were observed during regional competitions. The average number of matches was 3.3 +/- 0.5. The average number of successful attack directions was 2.8 +/- 1.3 for 8 children at orange to green belt level; 2.1 +/- 0.7 for 11 children at blue belt level; 2.2 +/- 0.8 for 17 children at brown belt level; 2.8 +/- 0.9 for 20 cadets at brown to black belt level, 2.6 +/- 1.1 for 10 juniors at brown to black belt level, and 3.3 +/- 0.9 for 16 seniors at black belt level. These scores for children with blue and brown belts were significantly different (p=.02) from those of seniors with black belts. Such results imply a nonlinear progression between the technical level (represented by the belt) and the capacity to create uncertainty (the ability to throw down the opponent with at least three techniques in three different directions). Judo is a sport of slow technical maturation; it requires this adaptation before its mastery in competition.