PURPOSE: To determine whether plasma levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, a proinflammatory cytokine involved in atherogenesis, are predictive of myocardial infarction or death from coronary artery disease. METHODS: We performed a prospective case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort. We selected men and women who did not report a history of myocardial infarction or stroke at baseline. Baseline concentrations of macrophage migration inhibitory factor were measured among 777 patients who had a myocardial infarction or died of coronary artery disease during follow-up, and 1554 matched controls who remained free of coronary artery disease. RESULTS: Baseline macrophage migration inhibitory factor concentrations were higher in cases than controls (median, 107.4 microg/L vs. 90.7 microg/L, P = 0.001). The risk of myocardial infarction or death from coronary artery disease increased with increasing quartiles of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (P for linearity <0.0001). Patients in the highest quartile had the greatest likelihood of myocardial infarction or death due to coronary artery disease (unadjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2 to 2.0). After adjustment for traditional risk factors and C-reactive protein level, the odds ratio decreased slightly (OR = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.0 to 1.7). Upon additional adjustment for white cell count, this association was no longer statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Prospective data suggest that the relation between macrophage migration inhibitory factor and the risk of myocardial infarction or death due to coronary artery disease in adults without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke is not very strong. However, the data support a regulatory role for macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the process of atherosclerosis. Copyright 2004 Elsevier Inc.
PURPOSE: To determine whether plasma levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, a proinflammatory cytokine involved in atherogenesis, are predictive of myocardial infarction or death from coronary artery disease. METHODS: We performed a prospective case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort. We selected men and women who did not report a history of myocardial infarction or stroke at baseline. Baseline concentrations of macrophage migration inhibitory factor were measured among 777 patients who had a myocardial infarction or died of coronary artery disease during follow-up, and 1554 matched controls who remained free of coronary artery disease. RESULTS: Baseline macrophage migration inhibitory factor concentrations were higher in cases than controls (median, 107.4 microg/L vs. 90.7 microg/L, P = 0.001). The risk of myocardial infarction or death from coronary artery disease increased with increasing quartiles of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (P for linearity <0.0001). Patients in the highest quartile had the greatest likelihood of myocardial infarction or death due to coronary artery disease (unadjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2 to 2.0). After adjustment for traditional risk factors and C-reactive protein level, the odds ratio decreased slightly (OR = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.0 to 1.7). Upon additional adjustment for white cell count, this association was no longer statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Prospective data suggest that the relation between macrophage migration inhibitory factor and the risk of myocardial infarction or death due to coronary artery disease in adults without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke is not very strong. However, the data support a regulatory role for macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the process of atherosclerosis. Copyright 2004 Elsevier Inc.
Authors: Diederik F van Wijk; Sander I van Leuven; Manjinder S Sandhu; Michael W Tanck; Barbara A Hutten; Nicholas J Wareham; John J P Kastelein; Erik S G Stroes; Kay-Tee Khaw; S Matthijs Boekholdt Journal: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Date: 2010-04-29 Impact factor: 8.311
Authors: A G Holleboom; J A Kuivenhoven; M Vergeer; G K Hovingh; J N van Miert; N J Wareham; J J P Kastelein; K-T Khaw; S M Boekholdt Journal: J Lipid Res Date: 2009-08-11 Impact factor: 5.922
Authors: C A Wijbrandts; S I van Leuven; H D Boom; D M Gerlag; E G S Stroes; J J P Kastelein; P P Tak Journal: Ann Rheum Dis Date: 2008-08-22 Impact factor: 19.103
Authors: Rakesh S Birjmohun; Menno Vergeer; Erik S G Stroes; Manjinder S Sandhu; Sally L Ricketts; Michael W Tanck; Nicholas J Wareham; J Wouter Jukema; John J P Kastelein; Kay-Tee Khaw; S Matthijs Boekholdt Journal: PLoS One Date: 2009-08-27 Impact factor: 3.240