[Arthroscopic meniscus surgery].

Surgery on the meniscus of the knee joint is one of the most frequently performed operations. The arthroscopic technique currently represents the general treatment standard and except in a few cases has completely superseded the open approach. Arthroscopy facilitates precise diagnosis and classification of all forms of meniscus lesions. In many cases even today partial resection on irreparably damaged meniscus tissue cannot be avoided. The goal is to preserve as much healthy meniscus tissue as possible. Types of tears amenable to reconstruction always require arthroscopic refixation. Various techniques are possible which have different advantages and disadvantages depending on the site of the lesion. In comparison to conventional techniques, in many cases modern implants and instruments make meniscus reconstruction easier entailing less morbidity. Substitution of lost meniscus tissue is possible with allograft transplantation; good results are possible especially on the lateral meniscus. A novel alternative is arthroscopic implantation of a biodegradable collagen matrix, which replaces partial defects on the medial meniscus. Long-term results of this treatment form must be awaited.