OBJECTIVE: Hypofrontality is not a well-replicated finding in schizophrenia either at rest or under conditions of task activation. METHOD: Studies comparing whole brain and frontal blood flow/metabolism in schizophrenic patients and normal controls were pooled. Voxel-based studies were also combined to examine the pattern of prefrontal activation in schizophrenia. RESULTS: Whole brain flow/metabolism was reduced in schizophrenia to only a small extent. Resting and activation frontal flow/metabolism were both reduced with a medium effect size. Duration of illness significantly moderated resting hypofrontality, but the moderating effects of neuroleptic treatment were consistent with an influence on global flow/metabolism only. Pooling of voxel-based studies did not suggest an abnormal pattern of activation in schizophrenia. CONCLUSION: Meta-analysis supports resting hypofrontality in schizophrenia. Task-activated hypofrontality is also supported, but there is little from voxel-based studies to suggest that this is associated with an altered pattern of regional functional architecture.
OBJECTIVE: Hypofrontality is not a well-replicated finding in schizophrenia either at rest or under conditions of task activation. METHOD: Studies comparing whole brain and frontal blood flow/metabolism in schizophrenicpatients and normal controls were pooled. Voxel-based studies were also combined to examine the pattern of prefrontal activation in schizophrenia. RESULTS: Whole brain flow/metabolism was reduced in schizophrenia to only a small extent. Resting and activation frontal flow/metabolism were both reduced with a medium effect size. Duration of illness significantly moderated resting hypofrontality, but the moderating effects of neuroleptic treatment were consistent with an influence on global flow/metabolism only. Pooling of voxel-based studies did not suggest an abnormal pattern of activation in schizophrenia. CONCLUSION: Meta-analysis supports resting hypofrontality in schizophrenia. Task-activated hypofrontality is also supported, but there is little from voxel-based studies to suggest that this is associated with an altered pattern of regional functional architecture.
Authors: J L Müller; N Saimeh; P Briken; S Eucker; K Hoffmann; M Koller; T Wolf; M Dudeck; C Hartl; A-K Jakovljevic; V Klein; G Knecht; R Müller-Isberner; J Muysers; K Schiltz; D Seifert; A Simon; H Steinböck; W Stuckmann; W Weissbeck; C Wiesemann; R Zeidler Journal: Nervenarzt Date: 2017-08 Impact factor: 1.214
Authors: Stephen J Glatt; Ian P Everall; William S Kremen; Jacques Corbeil; Roman Sásik; Negar Khanlou; Mark Han; Choong-Chin Liew; Ming T Tsuang Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2005-10-13 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Vanessa F Gonçalves; Carolina Cappi; Christian M Hagen; Adolfo Sequeira; Marquis P Vawter; Andriy Derkach; Clement C Zai; Paula L Hedley; Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm; Jennie G Pouget; Ari B Cuperfain; Patrick F Sullivan; Michael Christiansen; James L Kennedy; Lei Sun Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2018-03-15 Impact factor: 13.382