Mucus production after transposition of intestinal segments into the urinary tract.

Following transposition into the urinary tract, intestinal segments continue to produce mucus and problems related to excessive production do not to diminish with time. Currently, 20 human mucin genes have been described and their protein products partially or fully characterised. As the use of transposed intestinal segments in urology increases, there is now a need for a better understanding of mucins at the gene and protein levels. There is also a need for urologists to be aware of the many complications related to excess mucus production. Whilst effective therapeutic measures to reduce mucus production and its related complications remain elusive, it is now clear that without such effective mucoregulatory agents the quality of life of patients will continue to be less than satisfactory. This review describes the biology of mucus and the problems related to continued production following transposition of intestinal segments into the urinary tract. Difficulties related to quantification of urinary mucus, in addition to the structural and mucin gene changes that occur in transposed segments, are addressed.