OBJECTIVE: To examine the diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with cleft to determine whether language-learning characteristics are taken into account when making this diagnosis. DESIGN: Prospective examination of 177 consecutive patients. Objective behavioral ratings, cognitive assessments, and attention/impulsivity testing of 32 of the 177 children with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) who had previously been diagnosed as ADHD and were receiving medication were performed. the prospective 6- to 9-month follow-up examination was examined to determine the accuracy of prior and posttest diagnoses. SETTING: University hospital-based cleft palate clinic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pretest/posttest design to determine accuracy of DSM-IV psychiatric diagnosis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The results show that the proportion of children originally diagnosed with ADHD (18%) was significantly higher than posttest diagnosis of ADHD (6% p <.001). Also, the frequency of pretest diagnosis of learning disorder (LD; 31%) was significantly different from posttest diagnosis (66% p <.01). The overdiagnosis of ADHD and underdiagnosis of LD in this sample of children with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate appears to be due to lack of language-learning assessment.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with cleft to determine whether language-learning characteristics are taken into account when making this diagnosis. DESIGN: Prospective examination of 177 consecutive patients. Objective behavioral ratings, cognitive assessments, and attention/impulsivity testing of 32 of the 177 children with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) who had previously been diagnosed as ADHD and were receiving medication were performed. the prospective 6- to 9-month follow-up examination was examined to determine the accuracy of prior and posttest diagnoses. SETTING: University hospital-based cleft palate clinic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pretest/posttest design to determine accuracy of DSM-IV psychiatric diagnosis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The results show that the proportion of children originally diagnosed with ADHD (18%) was significantly higher than posttest diagnosis of ADHD (6% p <.001). Also, the frequency of pretest diagnosis of learning disorder (LD; 31%) was significantly different from posttest diagnosis (66% p <.01). The overdiagnosis of ADHD and underdiagnosis of LD in this sample of children with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate appears to be due to lack of language-learning assessment.
Authors: Aaron D Boes; Antoine Bechara; Daniel Tranel; Steve W Anderson; Lynn Richman; Peg Nopoulos Journal: Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci Date: 2008-10-19 Impact factor: 3.436
Authors: Thomasin E McCoy; Amy L Conrad; Lynn C Richman; Peg C Nopoulos; Edward F Bell Journal: Child Neuropsychol Date: 2012-03-01 Impact factor: 2.500