Cervical dural arteriovenous fistulae manifesting as subarachnoid hemorrhage: report of two cases and literature review.

Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) in the craniocervical junction are rare but clinically important. DAVFs can be associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a feature distinguishing them from DAVFs in the thoracolumbar region. These lesions are often overlooked at cerebral angiography performed to assess SAH and account for a small proportion of angiographically negative SAHs. After managing two cases of cervical spinal DAVF manifesting as SAH, we analyzed all cases in the literature to identify features associated with bleeding at presentation.