OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine whether direct visual morphology can predict vascular physiology, macrophage infiltration and plaque architecture of atherosclerotic lesions. METHODS: Twenty male New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2.5-2.8 kg (mean, 2.7 +/- 0.2 kg) were used. We fed rabbits a 1% cholesterol diet after creating an injury in the middle abdominal aorta using a 2 Fr Fogarty balloon catheter. After 8 weeks, the morphology of plaque lesions was evaluated by angioscopy, and was classified as protruding or lining. Vascular endothelial function (VEF) was evaluated using a Doppler guidewire, and was expressed as ratio of basal to peak velocity (cm/s) in 30 s occlusion using a balloon catheter. Macrophages obtained from abdominal sections were stained with monoclonal antibody against rabbit macrophages (RAM-11). Density of total macrophage cell infiltration was quantified as absolute area of RAM-11 staining. RESULTS: Macrophage density and intima/media (I/M) ratio were significantly higher in the protruding group than in the lining group: macrophage density, 40 +/- 10 vs. 5 +/- 10%, p < 0.01; I/M ratio, 1.2 +/- 1.4 vs. 0.2 +/- 4, p < 0.05. Vascular flow reserve (VFR) was lower in the protruding group than in the lining group (1.8 +/- 0.7 vs. 2.2 +/- 0.5, p < 0.05). There was significant negative correlation between VEF and macrophage cell density (r = -0.593, p < 0.01), whereas there was no significant correlation between VEF and I/M ratio (r = -0.332, p = 0.330). CONCLUSION: The present findings suggest that protruding lesions revealed by angioscopy are rich in macrophages and have a higher I/M ratio and lower VFR.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine whether direct visual morphology can predict vascular physiology, macrophage infiltration and plaque architecture of atherosclerotic lesions. METHODS: Twenty male New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2.5-2.8 kg (mean, 2.7 +/- 0.2 kg) were used. We fed rabbits a 1% cholesterol diet after creating an injury in the middle abdominal aorta using a 2 Fr Fogarty balloon catheter. After 8 weeks, the morphology of plaque lesions was evaluated by angioscopy, and was classified as protruding or lining. Vascular endothelial function (VEF) was evaluated using a Doppler guidewire, and was expressed as ratio of basal to peak velocity (cm/s) in 30 s occlusion using a balloon catheter. Macrophages obtained from abdominal sections were stained with monoclonal antibody against rabbit macrophages (RAM-11). Density of total macrophage cell infiltration was quantified as absolute area of RAM-11 staining. RESULTS: Macrophage density and intima/media (I/M) ratio were significantly higher in the protruding group than in the lining group: macrophage density, 40 +/- 10 vs. 5 +/- 10%, p < 0.01; I/M ratio, 1.2 +/- 1.4 vs. 0.2 +/- 4, p < 0.05. Vascular flow reserve (VFR) was lower in the protruding group than in the lining group (1.8 +/- 0.7 vs. 2.2 +/- 0.5, p < 0.05). There was significant negative correlation between VEF and macrophage cell density (r = -0.593, p < 0.01), whereas there was no significant correlation between VEF and I/M ratio (r = -0.332, p = 0.330). CONCLUSION: The present findings suggest that protruding lesions revealed by angioscopy are rich in macrophages and have a higher I/M ratio and lower VFR.
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