AbrB and Spo0E control the proper timing of sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.

We have shown previously that Spo0A approximately P-dependent sinIR operon expression was substantially down-regulated in abrB null mutant backgrounds. In this report, we show that loss of function mutations in abrB also cause phosphorelay gene expression to be down regulated. abrB null mutations caused diminished vegetative growth-associated sporulation and resulted in a significant reduction in sporulation frequencies at T(24). These mutants, however, sporulated at wild-type levels at T(48), indicating that sporulation timing was affected. The rvtA11 mutation in spo0A, a deletion mutation in spo0E, and a null mutation in hpr ( scoC) rescued sporulation and Spo0A approximately P-dependent gene expression in an abrB mutant background. These data indicate that AbrB and Spo0E may comprise a checkpoint system that regulates the progression of sporulation, allowing exploration of alternate cell states prior to the irrevocable commitment to sporulation.