Cytopathology in Austria.

Cervical cancer screening developed rapidly during the 1970s. Today, approximately 1.5 million smears are taken annually, so 50% of the target population are screened every year, 30% are cytologically underserved (24% never had a smears, 6% only once). This figure correlates with the fact that there are still 30% deaths from cervical cancer compared with 1960. Since 1998 a voluntary quality assurance programme was introduced by the Austrian Society of Cytology, based on comparison of results reported from participating laboratories.