OBJECTIVE: To characterize the effects of four anesthetic protocols on the size of the spleen during surgery in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective experimental trial. ANIMALS: Twenty-four beagle dogs, 1.1 +/- 0.3 years of age and weighing 10.9 +/- 2.7 kg. METHODS: Dogs were allocated to receive one of four anesthetic protocols: 1 - pre-medication with acepromazine and butorphanol, induction with thiopental; 2 - pre-medication with acepromazine and butorphanol, induction with propofol; 3 - pre-medication with medetomidine and butorphanol, induction with propofol; and 4 - pre-medication with medetomidine and butorphanol, induction with ketamine and diazepam. Anesthesia was then maintained with halothane. At laparotomy, the spleen length, width, and height were measured, these were measured again just prior to closure of the abdomen. Splenic area and volume were calculated. Hematocrit and total serum protein (TSP) were measured before and after induction and during laparotomy. RESULTS: Splenic volume was greatest after protocol 4 (161.2 +/- 40.2 cm(3); p < 0.05) and was least after protocol 2. The differences in volume were because of differences in length, width, and height between groups. There was no significant change in area, length, or width over the study period. Hematocrit decreased significantly in all dogs but at different times. The decrease occurred after pre-medication if acepromazine was administered, at induction following protocol 3 and during surgery following protocol 4. CONCLUSIONS: If splenic volume is to be minimized during surgery, then acepromazine and propofol should be used in the anesthetic protocol. The administration of medetomidine, diazepam, and ketamine will produce a greater splenic volume. Lack of correlation between hematocrit and spleen size following the anesthetic protocols studied suggests sequestration of red blood cells in nonsplenic sites.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the effects of four anesthetic protocols on the size of the spleen during surgery in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective experimental trial. ANIMALS: Twenty-four beagle dogs, 1.1 +/- 0.3 years of age and weighing 10.9 +/- 2.7 kg. METHODS:Dogs were allocated to receive one of four anesthetic protocols: 1 - pre-medication with acepromazine and butorphanol, induction with thiopental; 2 - pre-medication with acepromazine and butorphanol, induction with propofol; 3 - pre-medication with medetomidine and butorphanol, induction with propofol; and 4 - pre-medication with medetomidine and butorphanol, induction with ketamine and diazepam. Anesthesia was then maintained with halothane. At laparotomy, the spleen length, width, and height were measured, these were measured again just prior to closure of the abdomen. Splenic area and volume were calculated. Hematocrit and total serum protein (TSP) were measured before and after induction and during laparotomy. RESULTS: Splenic volume was greatest after protocol 4 (161.2 +/- 40.2 cm(3); p < 0.05) and was least after protocol 2. The differences in volume were because of differences in length, width, and height between groups. There was no significant change in area, length, or width over the study period. Hematocrit decreased significantly in all dogs but at different times. The decrease occurred after pre-medication if acepromazine was administered, at induction following protocol 3 and during surgery following protocol 4. CONCLUSIONS: If splenic volume is to be minimized during surgery, then acepromazine and propofol should be used in the anesthetic protocol. The administration of medetomidine, diazepam, and ketamine will produce a greater splenic volume. Lack of correlation between hematocrit and spleen size following the anesthetic protocols studied suggests sequestration of red blood cells in nonsplenic sites.
Authors: Els Van Peer; Noel Downes; Christophe Casteleyn; Chris Van Ginneken; Arie Weeren; Steven Van Cruchten Journal: J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn Date: 2015-12-19 Impact factor: 2.745
Authors: Pedro Paulo Arcanjo Lima; Luis Gustavo Narciso; Jefferson Filgueira Alcindo; Maurício Deschk; Paulo Cesar Ciarlini; Paulo Sérgio Patto Dos Santos; Breno Fernando Martins de Almeida Journal: Vet Res Commun Date: 2021-09-03 Impact factor: 2.459
Authors: Roxanne K Buck; George F Stegmann; Luke A Poore; Tahiyya Shaik; Travis Gray; Gareth E Zeiler Journal: J S Afr Vet Assoc Date: 2018-10-17 Impact factor: 1.474
Authors: Wayne B Dyer; Gabriela Simonova; Sara Chiaretti; Mahe Bouquet; Rebecca Wellburn; Silver Heinsar; Carmen Ainola; Karin Wildi; Kei Sato; Samantha Livingstone; Jacky Y Suen; David O Irving; John-Paul Tung; Gianluigi Li Bassi; John F Fraser Journal: Intensive Care Med Exp Date: 2022-04-04