Can optimal primary cytoreduction be predicted in advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer? Role of preoperative serum CA-125 level.

The aim of this study was to determine the ability of preoperative serum CA-125 levels to predict optimal cytoreduction in patients with stage III epithelial ovarian cancer. A retrospective review was made of the records of 40 patients with FIGO stage III ovarian carcinoma who underwent primary cytoreductive surgery. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the most useful CA-125 level in predicting optimal versus suboptimal tumour cytoreduction. Twenty-two (55%) patients were optimally cytoreduced (residual disease <or=1 cm). A preoperative serum CA-125 level of 500 U/ml was found to be the value with the most predictive power. Optimal cytoreduction was obtained in 16 of the 21 cases (76%) with a CA-125 <500 U/ml compared to only 6 of the 19 cases (32%) with a CA-125 >500 U/ml. At this threshold, preoperative serum CA-125 level was able to predict optimal versus suboptimal cytoreduction with a sensitivity of 72%, specificity of 73%, positive predictive value of 68%, and negative predictive value of 76%. In the management of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma, preoperative serum CA-125 level may help to predict optimal primary cytoreduction and to identify candidates for alternative approaches other than traditional primary cytoreductive surgery, such as neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Copyright 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel