Acoustic hemifields in the spatial release from masking of speech by noise.

The Hearing-in-Noise Test (HINT) is able to measure the benefit to speech intelligibility in noise conferred when the noise masker is displaced 90 degrees in eccentricity from a speech source located at zero degrees azimuth. Both psychoacoustic and neurophysiological data suggest that the perceptual benefit of the 90-degree azimuth separation would be greatest if the speech and noise were presented in different acoustic hemifields, and would be smallest if the two sources were in the same acoustic hemifield. The present study tested this hypothesis directly in ten normal-hearing adult listeners. Using the HINT stimuli, we confirmed the hypothesis. Release from masking scores averaged 8.61 dB for "between-hemifield" conditions, 6.05 dB for HINT conditions, and 1.27 dB for "within-hemifield" conditions, even though all stimulus configurations retained a 90-degree angular separation of speech and noise. These data indicate that absolute separation of speech and noise alone is insufficient to guarantee a significant release from masking, and they suggest that what matters is the location of the stimulus elements relative to the left and right spatial perceptual channels.