RATIONALE: Diazepam has well known amnestic and sedative effects but effects on fronto-executive function remain largely uninvestigated, especially on neuropsychologically validated tests of risk taking and orbitofrontal cortex function. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the impact of diazepam on a variety of executive tasks. METHODS: The effects of 5, 10 and 20 mg of diazepam on a battery of neuropsychological tests were investigated using a randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled design. Seventy-five adult men were recruited. The Rogers et al. (1999b) test of risk-taking was given along with tasks from the CANTAB battery. RESULTS:Diazepam impaired performance on the Tower of London test of planning, without influencing visual pattern recognition memory. Subjects who had takendiazepam made more risky choices on the risk-taking task. On two speeded reaction time tasks diazepam impaired discrimination sensitivity and increased the bias to respond. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to the well-known sedative effects of diazepam, we demonstrate disinhibitory effects on two speeded reaction time tasks. Our results show that diazepam can impair performance on reaction time tasks both by impairing sensitivity and by increasing the bias to respond. Furthermore diazepam impaired performance on tests of planning and risky decision making that depend predominantly on dorsolateral and orbitofrontal regions of the prefrontal cortex, respectively.
RCT Entities:
RATIONALE: Diazepam has well known amnestic and sedative effects but effects on fronto-executive function remain largely uninvestigated, especially on neuropsychologically validated tests of risk taking and orbitofrontal cortex function. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the impact of diazepam on a variety of executive tasks. METHODS: The effects of 5, 10 and 20 mg of diazepam on a battery of neuropsychological tests were investigated using a randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled design. Seventy-five adult men were recruited. The Rogers et al. (1999b) test of risk-taking was given along with tasks from the CANTAB battery. RESULTS:Diazepam impaired performance on the Tower of London test of planning, without influencing visual pattern recognition memory. Subjects who had taken diazepam made more risky choices on the risk-taking task. On two speeded reaction time tasks diazepam impaired discrimination sensitivity and increased the bias to respond. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to the well-known sedative effects of diazepam, we demonstrate disinhibitory effects on two speeded reaction time tasks. Our results show that diazepam can impair performance on reaction time tasks both by impairing sensitivity and by increasing the bias to respond. Furthermore diazepam impaired performance on tests of planning and risky decision making that depend predominantly on dorsolateral and orbitofrontal regions of the prefrontal cortex, respectively.
Authors: J S Rubinsztein; R D Rogers; W J Riedel; M A Mehta; T W Robbins; B J Sahakian Journal: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Date: 2001-03 Impact factor: 4.530
Authors: S C Baker; R D Rogers; A M Owen; C D Frith; R J Dolan; R S Frackowiak; T W Robbins Journal: Neuropsychologia Date: 1996-06 Impact factor: 3.139
Authors: R D Rogers; A J Blackshaw; H C Middleton; K Matthews; K Hawtin; C Crowley; A Hopwood; C Wallace; J F Deakin; B J Sahakian; T W Robbins Journal: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Date: 1999-10 Impact factor: 4.530
Authors: Scott D Lane; Oleg V Tcheremissine; Lori M Lieving; Sylvain Nouvion; Don R Cherek Journal: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Date: 2005-04-14 Impact factor: 4.530
Authors: David A Brent; Graham J Emslie; Greg N Clarke; Joan Asarnow; Anthony Spirito; Louise Ritz; Benedetto Vitiello; Satish Iyengar; Boris Birmaher; Neal D Ryan; Jamie Zelazny; Matthew Onorato; Betsy Kennard; Taryn L Mayes; Lynn L Debar; James T McCracken; Michael Strober; Robert Suddath; Henrietta Leonard; Giovanna Porta; Martin B Keller Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2009-02-17 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Anna C Molander; Adam Mar; Agnes Norbury; Sarah Steventon; Margarita Moreno; Daniele Caprioli; David E H Theobald; David Belin; Barry J Everitt; Trevor W Robbins; Jeffrey W Dalley Journal: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Date: 2011-01-28 Impact factor: 4.530