Drug reimbursement in Finland-a case of explicit prioritizing in special categories.

Increased drug expenses have created challenges for drug reimbursement systems in many industrialised countries, including Finland. Prioritization of drugs could be one solution to this problem. This paper examines stakeholders' perspectives on the prioritization decisions made in the Finnish drug reimbursement system, particularly concerning drugs in the higher reimbursement categories. The analysis was based on 18 interviews with key stakeholders. The results revealed that authorities directly influencing the decisions tried to keep them as technical and non-political as possible. However, doing so was not easy, and there appeared to be hidden non-technical rationales behind many decisions. Stakeholders outside public administration had few opportunities to openly participate in decision-making because of the lack of transparency of the process. Despite this, they tried to influence decisions concerning their interests by using several means, such as lobbying the media, Parliament or other stakeholders. Transparent decision-making and better methods of open discussion on competing interests could promote democracy in the prioritization of drugs and perhaps reduce the harmful effects of indirect and unequal participation by different stakeholders.