BACKGROUND: K-ras mutation is thought to occur at an early stage of neoplastic progression in the endometrium. The authors investigated mutations in codon 12 of K-ras in tamoxifen (TAM)-related endometrial polyps. METHODS: DNA was extracted from 11 frozen endometrial polyps from TAM-treated patients with breast carcinoma. Mutations were detected using the mutant allele-specific amplification method. The results subsequently were analyzed for correlations with immunohistochemical data that were obtained using antibodies against estrogen receptors (ERs; alpha and beta forms), progesterone receptors (PRs; A and B forms), and Ki-67. RESULTS: Mutations in codon 12 of K-ras were observed in 7 of 11 TAM-related endometrial polyps. Expression levels of ER-alpha and PR-B were high in the glandular epithelium and low in the stroma. PR-A expression was high in both the glandular epithelium and the stroma. In the glandular epithelium, expression of ER-beta appeared to be lower than expression of ER-alpha. The Ki-67 index in the glandular epithelium ranged from 2 to 38, whereas the index ranged from 0 to 4 in the stroma (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of mutations in codon 12 of K-ras in TAM-related endometrial polyps (64%) was greater than the incidence of these same mutations in sporadic endometrial hyperplasias (4.5-23%). High expression levels of ER-alpha, PR-A, and PR-B in the glandular epithelium were observed in all polyps, regardless of K-ras codon 12 mutation status and Ki-67 index. The authors' findings may support the hypothesis that the polyp-carcinoma sequence partly indicates the development of endometrial carcinoma in postmenopausal women who have been treated with TAM. Copyright 2003 American Cancer Society.
BACKGROUND:K-ras mutation is thought to occur at an early stage of neoplastic progression in the endometrium. The authors investigated mutations in codon 12 of K-ras in tamoxifen (TAM)-related endometrial polyps. METHODS: DNA was extracted from 11 frozen endometrial polyps from TAM-treated patients with breast carcinoma. Mutations were detected using the mutant allele-specific amplification method. The results subsequently were analyzed for correlations with immunohistochemical data that were obtained using antibodies against estrogen receptors (ERs; alpha and beta forms), progesterone receptors (PRs; A and B forms), and Ki-67. RESULTS: Mutations in codon 12 of K-ras were observed in 7 of 11 TAM-related endometrial polyps. Expression levels of ER-alpha and PR-B were high in the glandular epithelium and low in the stroma. PR-A expression was high in both the glandular epithelium and the stroma. In the glandular epithelium, expression of ER-beta appeared to be lower than expression of ER-alpha. The Ki-67 index in the glandular epithelium ranged from 2 to 38, whereas the index ranged from 0 to 4 in the stroma (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of mutations in codon 12 of K-ras in TAM-related endometrial polyps (64%) was greater than the incidence of these same mutations in sporadic endometrial hyperplasias (4.5-23%). High expression levels of ER-alpha, PR-A, and PR-B in the glandular epithelium were observed in all polyps, regardless of K-ras codon 12 mutation status and Ki-67 index. The authors' findings may support the hypothesis that the polyp-carcinoma sequence partly indicates the development of endometrial carcinoma in postmenopausal women who have been treated with TAM. Copyright 2003 American Cancer Society.
Authors: E Nagy; K B Gajjar; I I Patel; S Taylor; P L Martin-Hirsch; H F Stringfellow; F L Martin; D H Phillips Journal: Br J Cancer Date: 2014-05-22 Impact factor: 7.640
Authors: Chun-E Ren; Xueqiong Zhu; Jinping Li; Christian Lyle; Sean Dowdy; Karl C Podratz; David Byck; Hai-Bin Chen; Shi-Wen Jiang Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2015-03-13 Impact factor: 5.923
Authors: Monika M Żyła; Jacek R Wilczyński; Marta Kostrzewa; Kinga Księżakowska-Łakoma; Marek Nowak; Grzegorz Stachowiak; Krzysztof Szyłło; Tomasz Stetkiewicz Journal: Prz Menopauzalny Date: 2016-11-15