Grass consensus STS markers: an efficient approach for detecting polymorphism in Lolium.

For ryegrass and many forage crops, characterization of varieties is often difficult for two reasons: few of discriminant morphological traits and a great within-varieties variation. Futhermore, few molecular markers are publicly accessible. In this paper we describe two approaches for the development of 42 sequence-tagged-site (STS) markers. Firstly, 14 STS markers were developed from Lolium sequences found in data bases. Secondly, 28 STS markers were developed from sequences found in related species of Gramineae. Out of 42 STS markers developed, 85.8% yielded successfull amplification and 62% revealed a high level of polymorphism with an average of five alleles per locus. The analysis of amplicons reveals a high STS marker specificity, a high conservation in gene structure and a strong intron sequence homology between allelic forms. Moreover, the majority of the STS markers can be considered as "universal markers" because 81% of these STS markers amplified successfully across 20 related grass species. These results permit us to consider the use of these markers in synteny studies.