OBJECTIVES: To estimate the risk of HIV-1 transmission through breast-milk in children born to infected mothers, and to determine the relationship between duration of breast-feeding and risk. DESIGN AND METHODS: The study population included 168 breast-fed and 793 bottle-fed children born to seropositive mothers. All subjects were enrolled and followed-up in the Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children; HIV sero-status was defined in all children. Multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model. Independent variables included biological factors (duration of breast-feeding, gestational age, clinical condition of mother at delivery, mode of delivery, birth-weight and sex). Year of birth and age when HIV infection was diagnosed were also considered in the analysis attempting to control for possible selection biases. RESULTS: Breast-feeding increased the risk of HIV-1 transmission. The estimated adjusted odds ratio for 1 day of breast- versus bottle-feeding was 1.19 (95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.28). The infection odds ratio of breast- versus bottle-feeding increased with the natural logarithm of the duration of practice. CONCLUSIONS: These results are the first to provide an appraisal of the additional risk of HIV-1 transmission associated with a seropositive mother breast-feeding her child. Biological significance of this route of transmission was supported by demonstration of a relationship between duration of breast-feeding and risk of HIV-1 transmission.
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the risk of HIV-1 transmission through breast-milk in children born to infected mothers, and to determine the relationship between duration of breast-feeding and risk. DESIGN AND METHODS: The study population included 168 breast-fed and 793 bottle-fed children born to seropositive mothers. All subjects were enrolled and followed-up in the Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children; HIV sero-status was defined in all children. Multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model. Independent variables included biological factors (duration of breast-feeding, gestational age, clinical condition of mother at delivery, mode of delivery, birth-weight and sex). Year of birth and age when HIV infection was diagnosed were also considered in the analysis attempting to control for possible selection biases. RESULTS: Breast-feeding increased the risk of HIV-1 transmission. The estimated adjusted odds ratio for 1 day of breast- versus bottle-feeding was 1.19 (95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.28). The infection odds ratio of breast- versus bottle-feeding increased with the natural logarithm of the duration of practice. CONCLUSIONS: These results are the first to provide an appraisal of the additional risk of HIV-1 transmission associated with a seropositive mother breast-feeding her child. Biological significance of this route of transmission was supported by demonstration of a relationship between duration of breast-feeding and risk of HIV-1 transmission.
Authors: Titilayo C Abiona; Adedeji A Onayade; Kayode T Ijadunola; Perpetua O Obiajunwa; Olabisi I Aina; Lucy N Thairu Journal: Matern Child Nutr Date: 2006-07 Impact factor: 3.092
Authors: Barbra A Richardson; Grace C John-Stewart; James P Hughes; Ruth Nduati; Dorothy Mbori-Ngacha; Julie Overbaugh; Joan K Kreiss Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2003-02-12 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Francis A Mmiro; Jim Aizire; Anthony K Mwatha; Susan H Eshleman; Deborah Donnell; Mary Glenn Fowler; Clemensia Nakabiito; Philippa M Musoke; J Brooks Jackson; Laura A Guay Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2009-09-01 Impact factor: 3.731