An ethylene-related cDNA from ripening apples.

We report the isolation of a ripening-related apple cDNA which is complementary to a mRNA which may be involved in ethylene production. Poly(A)+ RNA was extracted from cortical tissue of ripe apple fruit (Malus domestica Borkh cv. Golden Delicious) and a cDNA library constructed in the plasmid vector pSPORT. The library was screened with pTOM13, a tomato cDNA clone thought to code for ACC oxidase in that fruit. An apple cDNA clone (pAP4) was isolated and sequenced. The 1182 bp cDNA insert includes an open reading frame of 942 bp, and shows strong homology with reported tomato and avocado sequences, both at the nucleic acid and amino acid levels. The polypeptide has a calculated molecular mass of 35.4 kDa and a calculated pI of 5.15. In apple cortical tissue, expression of pAP4-complementary RNA increased with ethylene production by the fruit during ripening. Expression was also enhanced in both ethylene-treated and wounded fruit.