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Literature DB >> 13460241

Oximes and atropine in sarin poisoning.

Abstract

Three oximes, monoisonitrosoacetone (MINA), pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (PAM) and diacetylmonoxime (DAM), have been examined in combination with atropine as antidotes in sarin poisoning. When treatment was administered 15 min. before sarin, atropine enhanced the protective effect of MINA and DAM 2 to 3 times and of PAM 9 to 10 times in mice and rats. In mice, rats, and guinea-pigs, atropine increased by no more than 2 times the protective effect of all three oximes when given 30 sec. after sarin. Atropine given to monkeys 1 min. after sarin raised the LD50 approximately 3 times. When given in conjunction with MINA or DAM, the LD50 of sarin was raised 7 to 14 times.

Entities: Chemical Disease Species

Keywords: ATROPINE/effects; CHOLINESTERASE/antagonists; HYDROXYLAMINES/effects; PHOSPHATES/poisoning

Mesh：

Substances：

Year: 1957 PMID： 13460241 PMCID： PMC1509683 DOI： 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1957.tb00145.x

Source DB: PubMed Journal: Br J Pharmacol Chemother ISSN： 0366-0826

4 in total

1. The reactivation by oximes and hydroxamic acids of cholinesterase inhibited by organo-phosphorus compounds.

Authors: A F CHILDS; D R DAVIES; A L GREEN; J P RUTLAND
Journal: Br J Pharmacol Chemother Date: 1955-12

2. A specific antidote against lethal alkyl phosphate intoxication. II. Antidotal properties.

Authors: H KEWITZ; D NACHMANSOHN; I B WILSON
Journal: Arch Biochem Biophys Date: 1956-10 Impact factor: 4.013

3. The manifestations and treatment of poisoning due to nerve gas and other organic phosphate anticholinesterase compounds.

Authors: D GROB
Journal: AMA Arch Intern Med Date: 1956-08

4. USE OF MOVING AVERAGES AND INTERPOLATION TO ESTIMATE MEDIAN-EFFECTIVE DOSE: I. Fundamental Formulas, Estimation of Error, and Relation to Other Methods.

Authors: W R Thompson
Journal: Bacteriol Rev Date: 1947-06

4 in total

6 in total

1. The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphorus compounds and its reversal.

Authors: F HOBBIGER
Journal: Proc R Soc Med Date: 1961-05

2. Improved treatment of organophosphate intoxication by use of scopolamine or dexetimide.

Authors: U Bertram; A Kasten; H Lüllmann; A Ziegler
Journal: Experientia Date: 1977-09-15

3. 2-Hydroxyiminomethyl-N-methylpyridinium methanesulphonate and atropine in the treatment of severe organophosphate poisoning.

Authors: D R DAVIES; A L GREEN; G L WILLEY
Journal: Br J Pharmacol Chemother Date: 1959-03