Pyrophosphate synthesis from phospho(enol)pyruvate catalyzed by precipitated magnesium phosphate with "enzyme-like" activity.

The enzyme-like kinetic properties of precipitated magnesium phosphate as a catalyst for formation of pyrophosphate (PPi) from phospho(enol)pyruvate (PEP) are described. This synthesis occurs at a low temperature (37 degrees C) and represents a model that may help us understand the relevance to chemical evolution of minerals as ancient catalysts whose functions could have been taken over by contemporary enzymes. An insoluble Pi.Mg matrix was formed in a medium with 80% of the water replaced by dimethyl sulfoxide as a way of simulating conditions in a drying pond. Phospho(enol)pyruvate adsorbs onto the Pi.Mg surface according to a Langmuir isotherm, and the PEP concentration dependence of PPi formation follows a Michaelian-like function. A yield of 33% for transformation of the initially adsorbed PEP into PPi was attained after 4 days of incubation with equimolecular concentrations of Pi, MgCl2, and PEP. The magnesium concentration dependence for Pi and Mg precipitation, for adsorption of PEP onto solid Pi.Mg, and for PPi formation showed complex cooperative behavior. These results taken as a whole lead to the conclusion that the Pi.Mg surface not only provides a reactant for PPi formation but also catalyzes the reaction.