Phytochemical and pharmacological studies on Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. (Lamiaceae) hydroalcoholic extracts.

The main components of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. leaves and extracts are the pharmacologically active polyphenols: the polymethoxylated flavonoids and the caffeic acid derivatives. Two tinctures, having different alcohol concentration, were studied from phytochemical and pharmacological point of view. The main polyphenols were identified and quantitatively determined by HPLC. Comparison of the retention parameters and UV-Vis spectra of standards and those of the separated compounds performed the identification of caffeic-, cichoric- and rosmarinic acids, respectively, of sinesetine and eupatorine. The quantitative determination was performed by external standard method. The diuretic, saluretic and uricosuric actions of the studied tinctures were compared by experiments on rats.