Jie Jin Wang1, Suriya Foran, Wayne Smith, Paul Mitchell. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, the Centre for Vision Research, and the Save Sight and Westmead Millennium Institutes, University of Sydney, Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To quantify the 5-year risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in eyes with different macular drusen characteristics (ie, size, type, location, and total area) or hyperpigmentation in a population-based cohort. METHODS: The Blue Mountains Eye Study examined 3654 residents during 1992-1994; 2335 (75.1% of survivors) were reexamined during 1997-1999. Retinal photographs were graded using the Wisconsin Age-Related Maculopathy Grading System. Incident AMD lesions were defined by development of neovascular AMD or geographic atrophy in eyes without these lesions at baseline (eyes at risk). Age-adjusted relative risks (RRs) were determined. Generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate odds ratios, adjusting for the correlation between eyes and other AMD risk factors. Main Outcome Measure Incidence of AMD. RESULTS: Of the 4634 eyes at risk, 52 (1.1%) developed neovascular or atrophic AMD lesions over 5 years. In right eyes, presence vs absence of the following macular signs predicted AMD: drusen that were 125 micro m or larger (13.9 vs 0.6%; age-adjusted RR, 5.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6-9.0), indistinct soft or reticular drusen (23.2% vs 0.4%; RR, 9.9; 95% CI, 6.4-15.4), total drusen area of half the disc area or more (31.4% vs 0.6%; RR, 13.5; 95% CI, 8.0-22.8), and hyperpigmentation (14.4% vs 0.5%; RR, 8.0; 95% CI, 5.4-11.9). After adjusting for age, sex, and smoking status, eyes with these signs at baseline had a high likelihood of developing AMD. Eyes with Age-Related Eye Disease Study categories 3 and 4 were 5 times more likely to develop AMD compared with eyes in categories 1 and 2. CONCLUSION: This study quantifies the 5-year risk of AMD in eyes with macular drusen and hyperpigmentation.
OBJECTIVE: To quantify the 5-year risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in eyes with different macular drusen characteristics (ie, size, type, location, and total area) or hyperpigmentation in a population-based cohort. METHODS: The Blue Mountains Eye Study examined 3654 residents during 1992-1994; 2335 (75.1% of survivors) were reexamined during 1997-1999. Retinal photographs were graded using the Wisconsin Age-Related Maculopathy Grading System. Incident AMD lesions were defined by development of neovascular AMD or geographic atrophy in eyes without these lesions at baseline (eyes at risk). Age-adjusted relative risks (RRs) were determined. Generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate odds ratios, adjusting for the correlation between eyes and other AMD risk factors. Main Outcome Measure Incidence of AMD. RESULTS: Of the 4634 eyes at risk, 52 (1.1%) developed neovascular or atrophic AMD lesions over 5 years. In right eyes, presence vs absence of the following macular signs predicted AMD: drusen that were 125 micro m or larger (13.9 vs 0.6%; age-adjusted RR, 5.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6-9.0), indistinct soft or reticular drusen (23.2% vs 0.4%; RR, 9.9; 95% CI, 6.4-15.4), total drusen area of half the disc area or more (31.4% vs 0.6%; RR, 13.5; 95% CI, 8.0-22.8), and hyperpigmentation (14.4% vs 0.5%; RR, 8.0; 95% CI, 5.4-11.9). After adjusting for age, sex, and smoking status, eyes with these signs at baseline had a high likelihood of developing AMD. Eyes with Age-Related Eye Disease Study categories 3 and 4 were 5 times more likely to develop AMD compared with eyes in categories 1 and 2. CONCLUSION: This study quantifies the 5-year risk of AMD in eyes with macular drusen and hyperpigmentation.
Authors: Gwenole Quellec; Stephen R Russell; Johanna M Seddon; Robyn Reynolds; Todd Scheetz; Vinit B Mahajan; Edwin M Stone; Michael D Abràmoff Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2011-11-25 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Sina Farsiu; Stephanie J Chiu; Rachelle V O'Connell; Francisco A Folgar; Eric Yuan; Joseph A Izatt; Cynthia A Toth Journal: Ophthalmology Date: 2013-08-29 Impact factor: 12.079
Authors: Martin Rudolf; Mark E Clark; Melissa F Chimento; Chuan-Ming Li; Nancy E Medeiros; Christine A Curcio Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2008-03 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Zohar Yehoshua; Giovanni Gregori; SriniVas R Sadda; Fernando M Penha; Raquel Goldhardt; Muneeswar G Nittala; Ranjith K Konduru; William J Feuer; Pooja Gupta; Ying Li; Philip J Rosenfeld Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2013-04-03 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Ronald E Gangnon; Kristine E Lee; Barbara E K Klein; Sudha K Iyengar; Theru A Sivakumaran; Ronald Klein Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2014-03-20 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Ronald Klein; Chelsea E Myers; Stacy M Meuer; Ronald E Gangnon; Theru A Sivakumaran; Sudha K Iyengar; Kristine E Lee; Barbara E K Klein Journal: JAMA Ophthalmol Date: 2013-03 Impact factor: 7.389