Advanced glycoxidation. A new risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. A large body of evidence both in vitro and in vivo suggests an important role for advanced glycoxidation end products (AGE) in the development or progression of CVD. AGE are a heterogenous group of molecules formed within the body during aging and, at an accelerated rate, in diabetes. AGE result from the nonenzymatic reaction of reducing sugars with proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Diet is considered an important exogenous source of highly reactive AGE. Recent studies have suggested a relationship between AGE and features of CVD. These findings together with the cardioprotective effects of anti-AGE agents demonstrate the causal relationship of AGE to the development and progression of CVD. Prospective outcome and controlled studies are needed to further support this relationship.