BACKGROUND: Work has shown that cutaneous microbial species associated with skin conditions of microbial aetiology are susceptible to killing by antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) using visible light and methylene blue. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate immediate and delayed genotoxicity of APDT on keratinocytes in vitro. METHODS: A combination of methylene blue (100 microg mL(-1)) and visible light (42 mW cm(-2)), as used in studies of microbe and keratinocyte cytotoxicity, was employed to test a human keratinocyte cell line (H103) for genotoxic damage by comet assay. RESULTS: The comet assay was able to detect genotoxic damage in H2O2-treated keratinocytes (positive control). APDT did not cause either immediate or delayed genotoxic damage in keratinocytes following APDT of up to 180 min. CONCLUSIONS: APDT sufficient to reduce microbes by seven log cycles showed no detectable genotoxic effects on keratinocytes. APDT applied in vivo may represent a useful low-risk alternative to conventional antimicrobial treatment in dermatology.
BACKGROUND: Work has shown that cutaneous microbial species associated with skin conditions of microbial aetiology are susceptible to killing by antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) using visible light and methylene blue. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate immediate and delayed genotoxicity of APDT on keratinocytes in vitro. METHODS: A combination of methylene blue (100 microg mL(-1)) and visible light (42 mW cm(-2)), as used in studies of microbe and keratinocyte cytotoxicity, was employed to test a human keratinocyte cell line (H103) for genotoxic damage by comet assay. RESULTS: The comet assay was able to detect genotoxic damage in H2O2-treated keratinocytes (positive control). APDT did not cause either immediate or delayed genotoxic damage in keratinocytes following APDT of up to 180 min. CONCLUSIONS:APDT sufficient to reduce microbes by seven log cycles showed no detectable genotoxic effects on keratinocytes. APDT applied in vivo may represent a useful low-risk alternative to conventional antimicrobial treatment in dermatology.
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