Meeting complex needs: an analysis of Macmillan nurses' work with patients.

Macmillan nurses, working as Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNS), are in many ways the public face of specialist palliative care in the UK. However, the way in which they manage their clinical workload is not well understood. Questions about this aspect of their work have emerged from a large-scale evaluation of Macmillan nursing in 12 sites in the Trent and Thames regions of the UK, funded by Macmillan Cancer Relief. This article focuses on how Macmillan nurses enact their patient care role, drawing on caseload data, diaries and semi-structured interviews from the wider evaluation. It concentrates on the following issues: characteristics of referred patients; nature of interventions given; division of time between different aspects of the CNS role; nurses' perceptions of their patient-care role. Findings suggest that activities associated with direct patient care account for the majority of nurses' time, with little time spent in any other individual aspect of the CNS role. The delivery of care to older patients at the end of life is a major part of Macmillan nurses' clinical role. Issues relating to the educational and support needs of Macmillan nurses are raised.