BACKGROUND: Male breast cancer (MBC) is an uncommon disease, and most of our current knowledge of its biology, natural history and treatment has been extrapolated from data on the disease in women. Information is still needed on the molecular biological properties of male breast tumors and their predictive relevance. Kinase inhibitor proteins (KIPs) p27Kip1 and p21Waf1 negatively regulate cell cycle progression by preventing the passage of cycling cells from G1 to S phase through G1 cyclin-dependent kinase activation. No studies exist on the role of these factors in male breast carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We have retrospectively analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of p21Waf1 and p27Kip1 protein in 27 primary MBC and in 101 female breast cancers (FBC) treated at the European Institute of Oncology between 1997 and 2000. We also assessed sex hormone receptors status, p53, bcl-2 and c-erb-B2 protein expression, and Ki-67 labeling index. RESULTS: We observed a statistically significant difference in the immunostaining of KIPs p27Kip1 and p21Waf1 in male patients compared with females. Expression of p21Waf1 was observed in 19 of the 27 (70.3%) primary MBCs versus 29 of 101 FBC (29%). Fourteen of 22 negative c-erbB-2 MBCs cases expressed immunostaining for p21Waf1 (P = 0.05). p27Kip1 immunoreactivity was been detected in 26 of 27 (96.2%) male breast patients versus 39 of 101 FBC (39.3%) (P = 0.000). Highly positive staining for P27Kip1 was found in 21 of 25 androgen receptor-expressing samples. Higher levels of p27Kip1 were expressed in bcl-2-positive samples (17 of 20). Eighteen of 22 c-erbB-2-negative cases were strongly immunoreactive for p27Kip1. CONCLUSIONS: p27Kip1 and p21Waf1 immunoreactivity is higher in MBCs compared with FBCs. The findings of higher p27Kip1 and p21Waf1 immunostaining may be an additional predictive factor in MBC. These biological features could be possible indicators for different biological pathways in the tumorigenesis of MBCs.
BACKGROUND:Male breast cancer (MBC) is an uncommon disease, and most of our current knowledge of its biology, natural history and treatment has been extrapolated from data on the disease in women. Information is still needed on the molecular biological properties of male breast tumors and their predictive relevance. Kinase inhibitor proteins (KIPs) p27Kip1 and p21Waf1 negatively regulate cell cycle progression by preventing the passage of cycling cells from G1 to S phase through G1 cyclin-dependent kinase activation. No studies exist on the role of these factors in male breast carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We have retrospectively analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of p21Waf1 and p27Kip1 protein in 27 primary MBC and in 101 female breast cancers (FBC) treated at the European Institute of Oncology between 1997 and 2000. We also assessed sex hormone receptors status, p53, bcl-2 and c-erb-B2 protein expression, and Ki-67 labeling index. RESULTS: We observed a statistically significant difference in the immunostaining of KIPs p27Kip1 and p21Waf1 in male patients compared with females. Expression of p21Waf1 was observed in 19 of the 27 (70.3%) primary MBCs versus 29 of 101 FBC (29%). Fourteen of 22 negative c-erbB-2 MBCs cases expressed immunostaining for p21Waf1 (P = 0.05). p27Kip1 immunoreactivity was been detected in 26 of 27 (96.2%) male breast patients versus 39 of 101 FBC (39.3%) (P = 0.000). Highly positive staining for P27Kip1 was found in 21 of 25 androgen receptor-expressing samples. Higher levels of p27Kip1 were expressed in bcl-2-positive samples (17 of 20). Eighteen of 22 c-erbB-2-negative cases were strongly immunoreactive for p27Kip1. CONCLUSIONS:p27Kip1 and p21Waf1 immunoreactivity is higher in MBCs compared with FBCs. The findings of higher p27Kip1 and p21Waf1 immunostaining may be an additional predictive factor in MBC. These biological features could be possible indicators for different biological pathways in the tumorigenesis of MBCs.
Authors: Giovanna Masci; Michele Caruso; Francesco Caruso; Piermario Salvini; Carlo Carnaghi; Laura Giordano; Vittoria Miserocchi; Agnese Losurdo; Monica Zuradelli; Rosalba Torrisi; Luca Di Tommaso; Corrado Tinterri; Alberto Testori; Carlos A Garcia-Etienne; Wolfgang Gatzemeier; Armando Santoro Journal: Oncologist Date: 2015-05-06
Authors: F Cardoso; J M S Bartlett; L Slaets; C H M van Deurzen; E van Leeuwen-Stok; P Porter; B Linderholm; I Hedenfalk; C Schröder; J Martens; J Bayani; C van Asperen; M Murray; C Hudis; L Middleton; J Vermeij; K Punie; J Fraser; M Nowaczyk; I T Rubio; S Aebi; C Kelly; K J Ruddy; E Winer; C Nilsson; L Dal Lago; L Korde; K Benstead; O Bogler; T Goulioti; A Peric; S Litière; K C Aalders; C Poncet; K Tryfonidis; S H Giordano Journal: Ann Oncol Date: 2018-02-01 Impact factor: 32.976
Authors: Larissa A Korde; Jo Anne Zujewski; Leah Kamin; Sharon Giordano; Susan Domchek; William F Anderson; John M S Bartlett; Karen Gelmon; Zeina Nahleh; Jonas Bergh; Bruno Cutuli; Giancarlo Pruneri; Worta McCaskill-Stevens; Julie Gralow; Gabriel Hortobagyi; Fatima Cardoso Journal: J Clin Oncol Date: 2010-03-22 Impact factor: 44.544
Authors: Mariana Chavez-Macgregor; Christina A Clarke; Daphne Lichtensztajn; Gabriel N Hortobagyi; Sharon H Giordano Journal: Cancer Date: 2013-01-22 Impact factor: 6.860
Authors: Fatih Selcukbiricik; Deniz Tural; Fatih Aydoğan; Nuran Beşe; Evin Büyükünal; Süheyla Serdengeçti Journal: J Breast Cancer Date: 2013-03-31 Impact factor: 3.588
Authors: Kaiyumars B Contractor; Kanchan Kaur; Gabriel S Rodrigues; Dhananjay M Kulkarni; Hemant Singhal Journal: World J Surg Oncol Date: 2008-06-16 Impact factor: 2.754