CONTEXT: Around 90% of lung cancer worldwide is attributable to cigarette smoking, although less than 20% of cigarette smokers develop lung cancer. Other factors such as diet, chronic lung diseases, occupation and possibly environmental agents also contribute to this cancer. Genetic factors seem to play a role in lung cancer, but the precise characteristics influencing lung cancer susceptibility are not known, since genetic factors are easily obscured by the strong environmental determinants of lung cancer, particularly smoking. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effect that cancer occurrence among first-degree relatives has on the risk of lung cancer. DESIGN: Hospital-based case-control study. SETTING: The metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: 334 incident lung cancer cases and 578 controls matched by hospitals. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: By means of a structured questionnaire, cases and controls were interviewed about cancer occurrence in first-degree relatives, tobacco smoking, exposure to passive smoking, occupation, migration and socioeconomic status. Non-conditional logistic regression was used to calculate the risk of familial cancer aggregation, the effect of cancer in first-degree relatives and smoking in conjunction, and for controlling confounders. RESULTS: The adjusted odds ratio (OR) revealed a slight, but not statistically significant, excess risk of lung cancer for subjects with a history of lung cancer in relatives (OR 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50 - 2.92). The same was found among those with a history of other tobacco-related cancers in relatives (OR 1.36; 95% CI 0.87 - 2.14). A step gradient effect was observed regarding lung cancer risk, in accordance with increases in the number of pack-years of cigarette consumption. An interaction between familial cancer aggregation and tobacco smoking was detected. CONCLUSIONS: A mildly elevated risk of lung cancer among persons with a positive history of lung and other tobacco-related cancers was observed. The finding of an interaction between the variables of familial cancer aggregation and smoking suggests that familial cancer aggregation could be considered as a marker of susceptibility, increasing the risk of lung cancer among smokers. These results improve our knowledge of lung carcinogenesis and can guide future cancer genetic studies.
CONTEXT: Around 90% of lung cancer worldwide is attributable to cigarette smoking, although less than 20% of cigarette smokers develop lung cancer. Other factors such as diet, chronic lung diseases, occupation and possibly environmental agents also contribute to this cancer. Genetic factors seem to play a role in lung cancer, but the precise characteristics influencing lung cancer susceptibility are not known, since genetic factors are easily obscured by the strong environmental determinants of lung cancer, particularly smoking. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effect that cancer occurrence among first-degree relatives has on the risk of lung cancer. DESIGN: Hospital-based case-control study. SETTING: The metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: 334 incident lung cancer cases and 578 controls matched by hospitals. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: By means of a structured questionnaire, cases and controls were interviewed about cancer occurrence in first-degree relatives, tobacco smoking, exposure to passive smoking, occupation, migration and socioeconomic status. Non-conditional logistic regression was used to calculate the risk of familial cancer aggregation, the effect of cancer in first-degree relatives and smoking in conjunction, and for controlling confounders. RESULTS: The adjusted odds ratio (OR) revealed a slight, but not statistically significant, excess risk of lung cancer for subjects with a history of lung cancer in relatives (OR 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50 - 2.92). The same was found among those with a history of other tobacco-related cancers in relatives (OR 1.36; 95% CI 0.87 - 2.14). A step gradient effect was observed regarding lung cancer risk, in accordance with increases in the number of pack-years of cigarette consumption. An interaction between familial cancer aggregation and tobacco smoking was detected. CONCLUSIONS: A mildly elevated risk of lung cancer among persons with a positive history of lung and other tobacco-related cancers was observed. The finding of an interaction between the variables of familial cancer aggregation and smoking suggests that familial cancer aggregation could be considered as a marker of susceptibility, increasing the risk of lung cancer among smokers. These results improve our knowledge of lung carcinogenesis and can guide future cancer genetic studies.
Authors: Ying Gao; Alisa M Goldstein; Dario Consonni; Angela C Pesatori; Sholom Wacholder; Margaret A Tucker; Neil E Caporaso; Lynn Goldin; Maria Teresa Landi Journal: Int J Cancer Date: 2009-07-01 Impact factor: 7.396
Authors: K Markou; A Christoforidou; I Karasmanis; G Tsiropoulos; S Triaridis; I Constantinidis; V Vital; A Nikolaou Journal: Hippokratia Date: 2013-10 Impact factor: 0.471
Authors: Jinyoung Byun; Younghun Han; Quinn T Ostrom; Jacob Edelson; Kyle M Walsh; Rowland W Pettit; Melissa L Bondy; Rayjean J Hung; James D McKay; Christopher I Amos Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2021-03-26 Impact factor: 4.090
Authors: Maria Hilda Araújo Ribeiro; Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto da Silva; Walbert Edson Muniz Filho; Anna Cyntia Brandão Nascimento; Rodrigo Duart Martins Souza; Carlos Eduardo Everton Machado; Dulcelena Ferreira Silva; Geusa Felipa de Barros Bezerra; Graça Maria de Castro Viana; Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão Nascimento Journal: BMC Res Notes Date: 2016-03-10
Authors: Ramon Andrade de Mello; Mónica Ferreira; Filipa Soares-Pires; Sandra Costa; João Cunha; Pedro Oliveira; Venceslau Hespanhol; Rui Manuel Reis Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-09-06 Impact factor: 3.240