Subacute thyroiditis in an immunosuppressed patient.

Subacute thyroiditis is a well-recognized cause of transient thyrotoxicosis, resulting from a destruction injury to the thyroid. The pathogenesis of this condition is not completely understood and there is debate regarding the extent of the contribution of autoimmunity and external agents, such as infections, to this process. We present the first reported case of subacute thyroiditis in a patient who had been on chronic lithium therapy as well as long-term immunosuppression, with cyclosporin and prednisolone, following an allogeneic bone marrow transplant. We speculate that this case suggests a minimal role of autoimmunity in the development of subacute thyroiditis.