The viscoelastic basis for the tensile strength of elastin.

Purified aortic elastin displays failure behaviour characteristic of an amorphous, noncrystalizing elastomer with failure properties showing a strong dependence on viscoelastic behaviour. Tensile breaking stresses and breaking strains measured over a range of temperatures, hydration levels, and strain rates are reducible to single curves by the application of shift factors obtained from dynamic mechanical tests. The breaking stress of rubbery elastin is similar to that found in other elastomers, but glassy elastin is about an order of magnitude less strong than expected. We suggest elastin's ability to be strengthened through viscous dissipation of strain energy and crack tip blunting is limited by its fibrillar structure.