[Morphologic and electrophysiologic characteristics of cultured vestibular ganglia neurons].

Vestibular afferent neurons have been classified on the basis of their spontaneous activity as regular and irregular; this has been attributed to their synaptic input, but it remains to be defined the participation of some intrinsical properties of the afferent neurons in the determination of their discharge pattern. In this work, we have developed tissue cultures of the rat vestibular ganglia. Isolated cells were plated using poly-D-lysine or collagen as substrates and L-15 or Neurobasal as culture media. After 48 hrs cells in the four experimental conditions give forth neurites of variable longitude. By using antibodies against the neurofilaments 160 kDa the cell structure was studied. Monopolar (30.6%), bipolar (63.9%) and multipolar (5.5%) cells were found. By using the voltage and current clamp procedures the voltage dependence and kinetics of the tetrodotoxin sensitive Na+ current was fully characterized. Cultured cells were shown to generate action potentials under electrical stimulation, and they were capable of repetitive spike discharge under the influence of 4-aminopyridine. These results demonstrate that tissue cultures constitute an excellent system to study the intrinsical properties of vestibular afferent neurons.