Methods for linkage analysis of quantitative trait loci in humans.

This paper reviews linkage analysis methods for detecting loci associated with quantitative traits in humans. All such methods are based on the underlying principle that family members who have similar trait values should have higher than expected levels of sharing of genetic material (identity by descent) near the genes that influence those traits. A number of different statistical methods for testing that association between shared trait values and shared identity by descent have been developed over the past 30 or more years. These different types of tests are reviewed here, with emphasis on their theory and derivations. Robustness and power are also discussed.