Expression of p53 and human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8)-encoded latency-associated nuclear antigen with inhibition of apoptosis in HHV-8-associated malignancies.

BACKGROUND: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells express human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8)-encoded latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) (open reading frame [ORF] 73 protein), suggesting that LANA plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HHV-8-associated malignancies. Recently, the binding of LANA to p53 was demonstrated in vitro. In the current study, the authors investigated the association between p53 and LANA expression with apoptosis in HHV-8-associated malignancies in vivo.
METHODS: Twenty-six cases of KS, 1 case of HHV-8-associated solid lymphoma, 2 PEL cell lines, and an HHV-8-associated lymphoma engrafted in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice were examined. Immunohistochemistry using the catalyzed signal amplification system was employed to detect LANA and p53 on paraffin embedded tissues and the immunofluorescence technique was used on cell lines. To detect apoptosis, the TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method was used. For mutation analysis of p53, exons 5-9 of the p53 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and examined by direct sequencing.
RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry revealed that LANA and p53 were expressed in the tumor cells of all these specimens, and apoptotic cells were rarely detected in them using the TUNEL method. Immunofluorescence assay revealed that LANA colocalized with p53 in the nuclei of PEL cells. Sequencing analysis indicated that there was no mutation in the deduced amino acid sequences of p53 in KS tissues.
CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest colocalization of p53 and LANA and the inhibition of apoptosis in HHV-8-associated malignancies in vivo, supporting the results found in vitro that p53 inhibition by LANA suppresses cell death, as reported previously. These results also suggest that the p53 pathway is crucial in the pathogenesis of HHV-8-associated malignancies. Copyright 2001 American Cancer Society.