Crystal structure of a complex between Pseudomonas aeruginosa alkaline protease and its cognate inhibitor: inhibition by a zinc-NH2 coordinative bond.

Serralysins are a family of metalloproteases secreted by Gram-negative bacteria into the medium in the form of inactive zymogens. Usually, all serralysin secretors have on the same operon a gene coding for a periplasmic 10-kDa protein, which is an inhibitor of the secreted protease. The recent characterization of the inhibitor of the alkaline protease from Pseudomonas aeruginosa revealed a surprisingly low dissociation constant of 4 pm, contrary to earlier studies on homologous systems, where inhibition constants in the microm range were reported. To approach a more accurate understanding, the crystal structure of the complex between inhibitor and protease from P. aeruginosa was determined at 1.74 A resolution and refined to R(free) = 0.204. The structure reported here shows clearly that the N terminus of the inhibitor forms a coordinative bond to the catalytic Zn(2+) ion with a nitrogen-zinc distance of 2.17 A. We conclude that this interaction adds substantially to the complex stability and show also that similar interactions are found in other metzincin-inhibitor complexes.