Literature DB >> 11425282

Is Parkinson's disease the heterozygote form of Wilson's disease: PD = 1/2 WD?

S Johnson1.   

Abstract

Wilson's disease (WD) patients often present with Parkinson's disease (PD). Furthermore, most patients with PD have reduced ceruloplasmin, a characteristic of Wilson's disease. WD is an autosomal recessive disease (requires two faulty copies of a gene to produce a homozygote individual) that afflicts 1 in 1000 people. However, the number of people with one faulty copy (heterozygotes) is much larger, probably about 2% of the population. I hypothesize that the large number of heterozygotes for WD are at greatly increased risk for idiopathic PD, because these people accumulate free copper in the basal ganglia at a slower rate than homozygotes, which accounts for the fact that PD usually develops after 40 years of age. In WD, a ceruloplasmin deficiency results in accumulation of free Cu in the liver, brain, kidneys, etc. The excess Cu results in impaired Zn absorption, which would account for the low levels of Zn in the brains of PD patients. Moreover, the high levels of Fe found in the substantia nigra of PD patients may perhaps be explained by free Cu binding to iron binding protein-1 (IBP-1), causing it to malfunction and preventing it from detaching itself from the transferrin receptor (TfR) inhibition gene, resulting in expression of TfR even when the cell has plenty of Fe. The gradual accumulation of Fe and Cu would explain the damage inflicted on the substantia nigra by free radicals catalyzed by these two metals and which is exacerbated by the low levels of CuZnSOD, due to the Zn deficiency mentioned above. Moreover, if this hypothesis is correct, then PD could be used to help discover the gene (or genes) responsible for WD and vice versa. Furthermore, idiopathic PD could be prevented by identifying the heterozygote individuals and providing them with Zn supplementation, Cu chelation therapy and phlebotomy to eliminate Fe.

Entities:  

Mesh:

Substances:

Year:  2001        PMID: 11425282     DOI: 10.1054/mehy.2000.1134

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Med Hypotheses        ISSN: 0306-9877            Impact factor:   1.538


  12 in total

1.  Expression profiling of p53-target genes in copper-mediated neuronal apoptosis.

Authors:  Jacob W Vanlandingham; Nadine M Tassabehji; Rikki C Somers; Cathy W Levenson
Journal:  Neuromolecular Med       Date:  2005       Impact factor: 3.843

2.  Cuprous oxidase activity of CueO from Escherichia coli.

Authors:  Satish K Singh; Gregor Grass; Christopher Rensing; William R Montfort
Journal:  J Bacteriol       Date:  2004-11       Impact factor: 3.490

3.  Expression of Menkes AtPase and Wilson ATPpase in different regions of the adult rat brain.

Authors:  N A Platonova; S A Barabanova; R G Povalikhin; N V Tsymbalenko; A D Nozdrachev; L V Puchkova
Journal:  Dokl Biol Sci       Date:  2005 Mar-Apr

4.  Middle-aged heterozygous carriers of Wilson's disease do not present with significant phenotypic deviations related to copper metabolism.

Authors:  G Gromadzka; G Chabik; T Mendel; A Wierzchowska; M Rudnicka; A Czlonkowska
Journal:  J Genet       Date:  2010-12       Impact factor: 1.166

Review 5.  Ceruloplasmin and what it might do.

Authors:  J Healy; K Tipton
Journal:  J Neural Transm (Vienna)       Date:  2007-04-04       Impact factor: 3.575

6.  Heterozygous carriers for Wilson's disease--magnetic spectroscopy changes in the brain.

Authors:  Beata Tarnacka; Wojciech Szeszkowski; Janine Buettner; Marek Gołebiowski; Grazyna Gromadzka; Anna Członkowska
Journal:  Metab Brain Dis       Date:  2009-08-26       Impact factor: 3.584

Review 7.  The biochemical and cellular basis for nutraceutical strategies to attenuate neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease.

Authors:  Elizabeth A Mazzio; Fran Close; Karam F A Soliman
Journal:  Int J Mol Sci       Date:  2011-01-17       Impact factor: 5.923

Review 8.  Copper and copper proteins in Parkinson's disease.

Authors:  Sergio Montes; Susana Rivera-Mancia; Araceli Diaz-Ruiz; Luis Tristan-Lopez; Camilo Rios
Journal:  Oxid Med Cell Longev       Date:  2014-01-08       Impact factor: 6.543

9.  Case of Early-Onset Parkinson's Disease in a Heterozygous Mutation Carrier of the ATP7B Gene.

Authors:  Ekaterina Y Ilyechova; Irina V Miliukhina; Marina N Karpenko; Iurii A Orlov; Ludmila V Puchkova; Sergey A Samsonov
Journal:  J Pers Med       Date:  2019-08-17

Review 10.  Parkinsonism in Inherited Metabolic Disorders: Key Considerations and Major Features.

Authors:  Nattakarn Limphaibool; Piotr Iwanowski; Marte Johanne Veilemand Holstad; Katarzyna Perkowska
Journal:  Front Neurol       Date:  2018-10-12       Impact factor: 4.003

View more

北京卡尤迪生物科技股份有限公司 © 2022-2023.