A normalized root-mean-square distance for comparing protein three-dimensional structures.

The degree of similarity of two protein three-dimensional structures is usually measured with the root-mean-square distance between equivalent atom pairs. Such a similarity measure depends on the dimension of the proteins, that is, on the number of equivalent atom pairs. The present communication presents a simple procedure to make the root-mean-square distances between pairs of three-dimensional structures independent of their dimensions. This normalization may be useful in evolutionary and fold classification studies as well as in simple comparisons between different structural models.