Study of pyoverdine type and production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic fibrosis patients: prevalence of type II pyoverdine isolates and accumulation of pyoverdine-negative mutations.

The lungs of cystic fibrosis patients are frequently colonized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which produces high-affinity fluorescent peptidic siderophores, pyoverdines. Three pyoverdines which differ in their peptide chain and are easily differentiated by isoelectric focusing exist, only one being produced by a given strain. P. aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis patients of a German hospital were analyzed by sequential, pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and for pyoverdine production and type. Only producers of type I and type II pyoverdine were found. There was a perfect correlation between the type of pyoverdine produced and the clonality determined by PFGE. PFGE clone C, the most prevalent among cystic fibrosis patients, and found in an aquatic environment, produced type II pyoverdine. Pyoverdine-negative mutants seemed to increase as a function of the lung colonization time, but retained the capacity to take up pyoverdines. Most isolates that took up type II pyoverdine were also able to utilize type I pyoverdine as judged by growth stimulation experiments. No correlation was observed between the loss of pyoverdine production and mucoidy.