Role of rural school nurses in asthma management.

Environmental, socioeconomic, psychological and familial factors in rural communities predispose children to asthma. This is not only the case in the US but also in the UK, New Zealand and other Western countries. Asthma prevalence ranges from 2.2 to 15%. Because children spend at least 6 hours of their day in school, school health personnel must be attentive to, and skilled in managing the needs and issues faced by children with asthma while at school. Rural school nurses or their deputies need to advise children with asthma about avoiding aeroallergens from hay, smoke, dust, grain in silos and animal dander from cattle and sheep. In the case of children with asthma in rural areas, symptoms may be accepted as long as the child can go to school and play. Parents in rural areas may not believe in routine preventive care for asthma as part of public health practice. Rural nurses need to be aware of current asthma guidelines and apply the concepts to prevention. They need to be proactive and engage in primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Rural school nurses can begin by using existing resources and adapting these resources for use in rural school environments. Worldwide asthma education is fundamental to asthma patient management.