S Yamagami1, M R Dana. 1. Laboratory of Immunology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To elucidate the role of draining cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) in corneal alloimmunity. METHODS: Fully mismatched orthotopic corneal transplantation was performed in BALB/c hosts that had their CLNs excised before transplantation (CLN(-)). Normal hosts (CLN(+)), splenectomized mice (Sp(-)), and those without either CLNs or spleen (CLN(-)/Sp(-)) served as comparison groups. To determine the contribution of CLNs to alloimmunity more directly, CLN(-) mice were reconstituted by grafting LNs from other BALB/c mice to their cervical lymphatic chains, thus deriving CLN(-/+) mice. Tetramethyl rhodamine isothiocyanate's (TRITC) flow to draining CLNs was used as a measure of afferent lymph flow. Graft survival and allospecific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) were used as measures of alloreactivity. RESULTS: Fifty percent of normal control and 12% of Sp(-) hosts accepted the allografts. In contrast, 100% of CLN(-) and 88% of CLN(-)/Sp(-) hosts accepted allografts indefinitely (P < 0.01). Additionally, all CLN(-) hosts failed to demonstrate allospecific DTH (P < 0.001). CLN(-/+) mice reconstituted with LN from naïve animals showed graft survival rates and DTH responses that were indistinguishable from those of naïve CLN(+) mice. Of particular interest, however, is that mice reconstituted with CLNs from hosts with rejected corneal grafts had swift rejection of subsequent corneal grafts and exhibited strong donor-specific DTH. In contrast, mice reconstituted with CLNs from hosts with accepted corneal grafts showed rejection of subsequent corneal grafts in a manner that was indistinguishable from rejection in naïve CLN(+) hosts. CONCLUSIONS: Draining CLNs play a critical role in allosensitization and rejection. In contrast to the spleen, draining CLNs do not appear to play a critical role in tolerance induction in corneal transplantation.
PURPOSE: To elucidate the role of draining cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) in corneal alloimmunity. METHODS: Fully mismatched orthotopic corneal transplantation was performed in BALB/c hosts that had their CLNs excised before transplantation (CLN(-)). Normal hosts (CLN(+)), splenectomized mice (Sp(-)), and those without either CLNs or spleen (CLN(-)/Sp(-)) served as comparison groups. To determine the contribution of CLNs to alloimmunity more directly, CLN(-) mice were reconstituted by grafting LNs from other BALB/c mice to their cervical lymphatic chains, thus deriving CLN(-/+) mice. Tetramethyl rhodamine isothiocyanate's (TRITC) flow to draining CLNs was used as a measure of afferent lymph flow. Graft survival and allospecific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) were used as measures of alloreactivity. RESULTS: Fifty percent of normal control and 12% of Sp(-) hosts accepted the allografts. In contrast, 100% of CLN(-) and 88% of CLN(-)/Sp(-) hosts accepted allografts indefinitely (P < 0.01). Additionally, all CLN(-) hosts failed to demonstrate allospecific DTH (P < 0.001). CLN(-/+) mice reconstituted with LN from naïve animals showed graft survival rates and DTH responses that were indistinguishable from those of naïve CLN(+) mice. Of particular interest, however, is that mice reconstituted with CLNs from hosts with rejected corneal grafts had swift rejection of subsequent corneal grafts and exhibited strong donor-specific DTH. In contrast, mice reconstituted with CLNs from hosts with accepted corneal grafts showed rejection of subsequent corneal grafts in a manner that was indistinguishable from rejection in naïve CLN(+) hosts. CONCLUSIONS: Draining CLNs play a critical role in allosensitization and rejection. In contrast to the spleen, draining CLNs do not appear to play a critical role in tolerance induction in corneal transplantation.
Authors: Tina Dietrich; Felix Bock; Don Yuen; Deniz Hos; Björn O Bachmann; Grit Zahn; Stanley Wiegand; Lu Chen; Claus Cursiefen Journal: J Immunol Date: 2009-12-16 Impact factor: 5.422
Authors: Romulo J C Albuquerque; Takahiko Hayashi; Won Gil Cho; Mark E Kleinman; Sami Dridi; Atsunobu Takeda; Judit Z Baffi; Kiyoshi Yamada; Hiroki Kaneko; Martha G Green; Joe Chappell; Jörg Wilting; Herbert A Weich; Satoru Yamagami; Shiro Amano; Nobuhisa Mizuki; Jonathan S Alexander; Martha L Peterson; Rolf A Brekken; Masanori Hirashima; Seema Capoor; Tomohiko Usui; Balamurali K Ambati; Jayakrishna Ambati Journal: Nat Med Date: 2009-08-09 Impact factor: 53.440